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truffle ｜ 编译、部署、互动

发表于 分类于 ， ， ， ， ， Valine：

这里讲使用 truffle 部署合约。


BSC 测试网


在此之前请先查看

这里我们部署一个 ERC20 的合约。

首先，这里认为已经创建好了 truffle solidity 项目。

npm install @openzeppelin/contracts@3.4.0
npm install @truffle/hdwallet-provider // 部署脚本

整个项目如下

--contracts
----ERC20FixedSupply
--migrations
----2_deploy_ERC20FixedSupply
--.secret
--truffle-config.js

其中，各文件内容如下

ERC20FixedSupply

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pragma solidity >=0.4.22 <0.8.0;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";


//固定总量代币
contract ERC20FixedSupply is ERC20 {
    string private message;

    constructor(
        string memory name, //代币名称
        string memory symbol, //代币缩写
        uint256 totalSupply //发行总量
    ) public ERC20(name, symbol) {
        message = "OK";
        _mint(msg.sender, totalSupply * (10 ** decimals()));
    }

    function getMessage() public view returns(string memory) {
        return message;
    }

    function setMessage(string memory newMessage) public {
        message = newMessage;
    }
}

2_deploy_ERC20FixedSupply

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//固定总量代币
const ERC20FixedSupply = artifacts.require("ERC20FixedSupply");

module.exports = function (deployer) {
    deployer.deploy(ERC20FixedSupply,
        //构造函数的参数
        "My Golden Coin", "MGC", 1000000000);
};

这里要特别注意的是

ERC20FixedSupply 的文件名、合约名都得是一样的，才能部署。

truffle-config.js

这里的内容直接 copy

的内容。

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const HDWalletProvider = require('@truffle/hdwallet-provider');
const fs = require('fs');
const mnemonic = fs.readFileSync(".secret").toString().trim();

module.exports = {
  networks: {
    development: {
      host: "127.0.0.1",     // Localhost (default: none)
      port: 8545,            // Standard BSC port (default: none)
      network_id: "*",       // Any network (default: none)
    },
    testnet: {
      provider: () => new HDWalletProvider(mnemonic, `https://data-seed-prebsc-1-s1.binance.org:8545`),
      network_id: 97,
      confirmations: 10,
      timeoutBlocks: 200,
      skipDryRun: true
    },
    bsc: {
      provider: () => new HDWalletProvider(mnemonic, `https://bsc-dataseed1.binance.org`),
      network_id: 56,
      confirmations: 10,
      timeoutBlocks: 200,
      skipDryRun: true
    },
  },

  // Set default mocha options here, use special reporters etc.
  mocha: {
    // timeout: 100000
  },

  // Configure your compilers
  compilers: {
    solc: {
      version: "^0.7.0", // A version or constraint - Ex. "^0.5.0"
    }
  }
}

.secret 内容是一个地址的助记词。「助记词可以通过 metamask 获得」

这里提一下如何获得 bsc 的测试币

编译

truffle compile

部署

truffle migrate --network testnet -f 2
或者
truffle migrate --network testnet -f 2 --reset --compile-none

这里的 2 参考下面的命令行参数。

关于上面的命令参数可以参考

但是，如果使用上面的部署文件，失败率非常高，经常会遇到下面的错误

PollingBlockTracker - encountered an error while attempting to update latest block:\n${err.stack
data: { originalError: { code: 'ETIMEDOUT', connect: true } }

即便是按照网上的内容，增加连接时间之类的还是会出现各种问题。

究其本质原因，就是网络不稳定的缘故，所以，这里推荐一下别的公开节点

部署好之后，输出内容如下

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Compiling your contracts...
===========================
> Everything is up to date, there is nothing to compile.



Starting migrations...
======================
> Network name:    'testnet'
> Network id:      97
> Block gas limit: 29999542 (0x1c9c1b6)


2_deploy_ERC20FixedSupply.js
============================

   Replacing 'ERC20FixedSupply'
   ----------------------------
   > transaction hash:    0xedec917512d005c25dd0a6233dbab88fe80e3907d35913c529b4f5b95ddf8b8c
   > Blocks: 1            Seconds: 5
   > contract address:    0x444b74F93b1bCab3220b9C03bDeBA364F7EAa3B2
   > block number:        15513720
   > block timestamp:     1641134972
   > account:             0xD1B260aba3bA6f3D3099725b1b1C7cdD12581974
   > balance:             0.60656578
   > gas used:            1287771 (0x13a65b)
   > gas price:           20 gwei
   > value sent:          0 ETH
   > total cost:          0.02575542 ETH

   Pausing for 10 confirmations...
   -------------------------------
   > confirmation number: 2 (block: 15513723)
   > confirmation number: 3 (block: 15513724)
   > confirmation number: 4 (block: 15513725)
   > confirmation number: 6 (block: 15513727)
   > confirmation number: 7 (block: 15513728)
   > confirmation number: 8 (block: 15513729)
   > confirmation number: 10 (block: 15513731)
   > Saving artifacts
   -------------------------------------
   > Total cost:          0.02575542 ETH


Summary
=======
> Total deployments:   1
> Final cost:          0.02575542 ETH

OK，这里假定你已经部署好合约了。

交互

truffle console --network testnet

输入上面的命令，我们就进入了交互界面。

  • ERC20FixedSupply.abi
    • 名字来源于你部署合约的名字
  • ERC20FixedSupply.address

交互，调用合约的方法。

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truffle(testnet)> ERC20FixedSupply.deployed().then(function(instance){return instance.getMessage();})
'OK'
truffle(testnet)> ERC20FixedSupply.deployed().then(function(instance){return instance.setMessage("Hello, truffle");})
{
  tx: '0xc47d9966da41527ecd0d50916ff3c02abc5e36a80a67c67e2fe935021bd47294',
  receipt: {
    blockHash: '0xa5ef68a88978d01e686ae987f33111c3ebcd389836b64b26258509c057c5445c',
    blockNumber: 15514314,
    contractAddress: null,
    cumulativeGasUsed: 1190605,
    from: '0xd1b260aba3ba6f3d3099725b1b1c7cdd12581974',
    gasUsed: 29293,
    logs: [],
    logsBloom: '0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
    status: true,
    to: '0x444b74f93b1bcab3220b9c03bdeba364f7eaa3b2',
    transactionHash: '0xc47d9966da41527ecd0d50916ff3c02abc5e36a80a67c67e2fe935021bd47294',
    transactionIndex: 3,
    type: '0x0',
    rawLogs: []
  },
  logs: []
}
truffle(testnet)> ERC20FixedSupply.deployed().then(function(instance){return instance.getMessage();})
'Hello, truffle'
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